寫(xiě)作中常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤合集

 語(yǔ)法的多樣性與準(zhǔn)確性是學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中很基礎(chǔ)也是很重要的一部分，卻也是很多學(xué)生容易出錯(cuò)的地方，下面給大家整理了一些寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，希望同學(xué)們有則改之無(wú)則加勉~

一． 句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整

很多同學(xué)寫(xiě)句子，特別是長(zhǎng)句子時(shí)，往往寫(xiě)后忘前，導(dǎo)致句子缺少謂語(yǔ)等成分。

e.g, 

1. Ten boys playing football.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這個(gè)句子中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

正確表達(dá) Ten boys are playing football.

2. Because air pollution is harmful to human health.

錯(cuò)誤原因：在正式文體中because引導(dǎo)的句子，只能用作分句，不能單獨(dú)使用。

正確表達(dá)：Because air pollution is harmful to human health, all men must have the awareness of protecting environment.

二． 逗號(hào)分割句子

逗號(hào)是同學(xué)們?cè)趯?xiě)作中最喜歡使用的一種標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，但句子和句子之間并不都適合用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，不恰當(dāng)?shù)氖褂枚禾?hào)會(huì)造成錯(cuò)誤。

e.g. The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May, this increased to 5 in June.

錯(cuò)誤原因：逗號(hào)前后分別有兩個(gè)帶有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，這是逗號(hào)的一種誤用。

正確表達(dá)：

1. 將逗號(hào)改為分號(hào)

The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May; this increased to 5 in June.

2. 使用連詞解決

The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May, and this increased to 5 in June.

三． 缺少標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

與逗號(hào)分隔句子相反，該用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的時(shí)候卻沒(méi)有使用也是不正確的。

e.g. In the past she worked in foreign company.

錯(cuò)誤原因：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等狀語(yǔ)放在句首需要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

正確表達(dá)：In the past, she worked in foreign company.

四． 銜接詞邏輯錯(cuò)誤

不用銜接詞或不恰當(dāng)?shù)氖褂勉暯釉~都是同學(xué)們?cè)趯?xiě)作中常見(jiàn)的一種錯(cuò)誤。

e.g. Frank was a famous orator, and he was most famous for his discovery of e-bike.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這句話(huà)前后應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，連接詞卻使用了and。

正確表達(dá)：Frank was a famous orator, but he was most famous for his discovery of e-bike.

五． 指代模糊

代詞的使用可以提高文章的連貫與銜接，但同學(xué)們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)往往忽略了使用的恰當(dāng)性，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)指代不清等問(wèn)題。

e.g. 

1.  When Ronnie declared himself to Jack, he was aghast.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這個(gè)句子的he指代Ronnie還是Jack, 指名不清。

正確原因：Ronnie declared himself to Jack, who was aghast.

2. Riding a new bike, the dog chased him a mile.

錯(cuò)誤原因：根據(jù)這個(gè)句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，意思應(yīng)該是“狗騎著新車(chē)追了他一英里。” 顯然不合乎邏輯。

正確原因：When he rode a new bike, the dog chased him a mile.

六． 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)混用

在一個(gè)句子表達(dá)中，應(yīng)該避免主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)混用，還要保持時(shí)態(tài)一致。

e.g. We could hear raucous sounds from the party as the house was approached.

錯(cuò)誤原因：主句是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

正確表達(dá)：We could hear raucous sounds from the party as we approached the house.

七． 時(shí)態(tài)混用錯(cuò)誤

由于中文在表達(dá)時(shí)動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)的變化的，所以學(xué)生們有時(shí)會(huì)無(wú)意識(shí)地出現(xiàn)這方面的錯(cuò)誤。

e.g. I went into the room, closed the door, and go to bed.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這個(gè)句子前兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是過(guò)去式，最hou一個(gè)動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在時(shí)，顯然是時(shí)態(tài)不統(tǒng)一的。

正確表達(dá)：I went into the room, closed the door, and went to bed.

八． 主謂不一致

同學(xué)們都知道主語(yǔ)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也是單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)，但在實(shí)際寫(xiě)作時(shí)往往會(huì)弄錯(cuò)主語(yǔ)而導(dǎo)致表述錯(cuò)誤。

e.g. 

1. A child who enjoys outdoor activities are healthier.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這句話(huà)的主語(yǔ)是a child, 而不是outdoor activities, 所以謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。

正確表達(dá)：A child who enjoys outdoor activities is healthier.

2. One of these problems have been solved.

錯(cuò)誤原因：這句話(huà)的主語(yǔ)是one, 而不是these problems, 所以謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。

正確表達(dá)：One of these problems has been solved.