雅思閱讀文章精細(xì)講解與分析

在雅思閱讀中，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)的文章，文章的結(jié)構(gòu)外，我們還需要掌握最基本的一些關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)的表達(dá)。今天我們還是根據(jù)劍橋6中的一篇文章的個(gè)別段落，了解一下經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。

DELIVERING  THE   GOODS

The vast expansion in international trade owes much to a revolution in the business of moving freight

A  International trade is growing at a startling pace. While the global economy has been expanding at a bit over 3% a year, the volume of trade has been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that. Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world, and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation's borders.

國(guó)際貿(mào)易正以驚人的速度增長(zhǎng)。雖然全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一直以每年3%多一點(diǎn)的速度增長(zhǎng)，但貿(mào)易額的復(fù)合年增長(zhǎng)率大約是這個(gè)數(shù)字的兩倍。從肉類(lèi)到機(jī)械，外國(guó)產(chǎn)品在世界上幾乎每一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體中都扮演著更重要的角色，而外國(guó)市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)在吸引的企業(yè)從來(lái)都不太擔(dān)心在本國(guó)境外的銷(xiāo)售。

在文章題目的下方引言部分，如果時(shí)間允許是最好去讀一下的，因?yàn)榫褪沁@樣一個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)潔的概括會(huì)讓我們了解文章的核心。

The vast expansion in international trade owes much to a revolution in the business of moving freight

國(guó)際貿(mào)易的擴(kuò)張是由于貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)母锩�。這里提到了貨物運(yùn)輸，那么我們就知道這篇文章將會(huì)大篇幅的圍繞國(guó)際貿(mào)易和貨物運(yùn)輸展開(kāi)。

What lies behind this explosion in international commerce? The general worldwide decline in trade barriers, such as customs duties and import quotas, is surely one explanation. The economic opening of countries that have traditionally been minor players is another. But one force behind the import-export boom has passed all but unnoticed: the rapidly falling cost of getting goods to market.

Theoretically, in the world of trade, shipping costs do not matter. Goods, once they have been made, are assumed to move instantly and at no cost from place to place. The real world, however, is full of frictions. Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages.

在第二段，通過(guò)首句的問(wèn)句，我們就知道這段會(huì)講到具體的原因。

參考翻譯：國(guó)際貿(mào)易爆炸的背后是什么?關(guān)稅和進(jìn)口配額等貿(mào)易壁壘在全球范圍內(nèi)普遍減少，肯定是原因之一。另一個(gè)原因是傳統(tǒng)上無(wú)足輕重的國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)放。但是，進(jìn)出口繁榮背后的一股力量幾乎被忽視了，那就是迅速下降的商品入市成本。理論上，在貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域，運(yùn)輸成本并不重要。貨物一旦被制造出來(lái)，就被認(rèn)為可以立即從一個(gè)地方轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)地方，而不需要任何費(fèi)用。然而，現(xiàn)實(shí)世界充滿(mǎn)了摩擦。廉價(jià)的勞動(dòng)力可能會(huì)使中國(guó)服裝在美國(guó)具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，但如果延誤裝運(yùn)會(huì)占用營(yíng)運(yùn)資金，導(dǎo)致冬季大衣在春季到貨，貿(mào)易可能會(huì)失去優(yōu)勢(shì)。

核心詞匯整理：

1. Startling  驚人的，同替詞匯  stunning  surprising 

2. Commerce  商業(yè)    commercial  商業(yè)的

下面是一段新的內(nèi)容，大家也可以嘗試著去做一下精讀。
 

At the turn of the 20th century, agriculture and manufacturing were the two most important sectors almost everywhere, accounting for about 70% of total output in Germany, Italy and France, and 40-50% in America, Britain and Japan. International commerce was therefore dominated by raw materials, such as wheat, wood and iron ore, or processed commodities, such as meat and steel. But these sorts of products are heavy and bulky and the cost of transporting them relatively high.

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